use the hostname of the artifacts repository

Reviewed-on: #34

.gitignore

@@ -3,3 +3,5 @@
 *.db
 .env.rb
 coverage
+vendor
+.ruby-version

.rubocop.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+AllCops:
+  NewCops: enable
+  SuggestExtensions: false
+
+Metrics/BlockLength:
+    AllowedMethods: ['describe', 'context', 'route', 'r.on', 'r.post']

Gemfile

@@ -1,32 +1,35 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-source "https://rubygems.org"
+source 'https://rubygems.org'
 
+gem 'rackup', '~> 2.1'
 
-gem "roda", "~> 3.72"
+gem 'falcon', '~> 0.42.3'
 
-gem "sequel", "~> 5.72"
+gem 'roda', '~> 3.72'
 
-gem "tilt", "~> 2.2"
+gem 'sequel', '~> 5.72'
 
-gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.6"
+gem 'tilt', '~> 2.2'
 
-gem "erubi", "~> 1.12"
+gem 'sqlite3', '~> 1.6'
+
+gem 'erubi', '~> 1.12'
 
 group :test do
+  gem 'cucumber', '~> 9.0'
 
-  gem "cucumber", "~> 9.0"
+  gem 'capybara', '~> 3.39'
 
-  gem "capybara", "~> 3.39"
+  gem 'rspec', '~> 3.12'
 
-  gem "rspec", "~> 3.12"
+  gem 'selenium-webdriver', '~> 4.13'
 
-  gem "selenium-webdriver", "~> 4.13"
+  gem 'simplecov'
 
-  gem "simplecov"
+  gem 'rubocop', require: false
 
+  gem 'ruby_audit', '~> 2.2'
+
+  gem 'bundle-audit', '~> 0.1.0'
 end
-
-gem "puma", "~> 6.4"
-
-gem "rackup", "~> 2.1"

Gemfile.lock

@@ -3,8 +3,38 @@ GEM
   specs:
     addressable (2.8.5)
       public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 6.0)
+    ast (2.4.2)
+    async (2.6.5)
+      console (~> 1.10)
+      fiber-annotation
+      io-event (~> 1.1)
+      timers (~> 4.1)
+    async-container (0.16.12)
+      async
+      async-io
+    async-http (0.61.0)
+      async (>= 1.25)
+      async-io (>= 1.28)
+      async-pool (>= 0.2)
+      protocol-http (~> 0.25.0)
+      protocol-http1 (~> 0.16.0)
+      protocol-http2 (~> 0.15.0)
+      traces (>= 0.10.0)
+    async-http-cache (0.4.3)
+      async-http (~> 0.56)
+    async-io (1.37.0)
+      async
+    async-pool (0.4.0)
+      async (>= 1.25)
+    base64 (0.1.1)
     bigdecimal (3.1.4)
+    build-environment (1.13.0)
     builder (3.2.4)
+    bundle-audit (0.1.0)
+      bundler-audit
+    bundler-audit (0.9.1)
+      bundler (>= 1.2.0, < 3)
+      thor (~> 1.0)
     capybara (3.39.2)
       addressable
       matrix
@@ -14,6 +44,9 @@ GEM
       rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
       regexp_parser (>= 1.5, < 3.0)
       xpath (~> 3.2)
+    console (1.23.2)
+      fiber-annotation
+      fiber-local
     cucumber (9.0.2)
       builder (~> 3.2, >= 3.2.4)
       cucumber-ci-environment (~> 9.2, >= 9.2.0)
@@ -41,18 +74,53 @@ GEM
     diff-lcs (1.5.0)
     docile (1.4.0)
     erubi (1.12.0)
+    falcon (0.42.3)
+      async
+      async-container (~> 0.16.0)
+      async-http (~> 0.57)
+      async-http-cache (~> 0.4.0)
+      async-io (~> 1.22)
+      build-environment (~> 1.13)
+      bundler
+      localhost (~> 1.1)
+      openssl (~> 3.0)
+      process-metrics (~> 0.2.0)
+      protocol-rack (~> 0.1)
+      samovar (~> 2.1)
     ffi (1.16.2)
+    fiber-annotation (0.2.0)
+    fiber-local (1.0.0)
+    io-event (1.3.3)
+    json (2.6.3)
+    language_server-protocol (3.17.0.3)
+    localhost (1.1.10)
+    mapping (1.1.1)
     matrix (0.4.2)
     mini_mime (1.1.5)
     mini_portile2 (2.8.4)
     multi_test (1.1.0)
-    nio4r (2.5.9)
     nokogiri (1.15.4)
       mini_portile2 (~> 2.8.2)
       racc (~> 1.4)
+    openssl (3.2.0)
+    parallel (1.23.0)
+    parser (3.2.2.4)
+      ast (~> 2.4.1)
+      racc
+    process-metrics (0.2.1)
+      console (~> 1.8)
+      samovar (~> 2.1)
+    protocol-hpack (1.4.2)
+    protocol-http (0.25.0)
+    protocol-http1 (0.16.0)
+      protocol-http (~> 0.22)
+    protocol-http2 (0.15.1)
+      protocol-hpack (~> 1.4)
+      protocol-http (~> 0.18)
+    protocol-rack (0.2.6)
+      protocol-http (~> 0.23)
+      rack (>= 1.0)
     public_suffix (5.0.3)
-    puma (6.4.0)
-      nio4r (~> 2.0)
     racc (1.7.1)
     rack (3.0.8)
     rack-test (2.1.0)
@@ -60,6 +128,7 @@ GEM
     rackup (2.1.0)
       rack (>= 3)
       webrick (~> 1.8)
+    rainbow (3.1.1)
     regexp_parser (2.8.1)
     rexml (3.2.6)
     roda (3.72.0)
@@ -77,7 +146,27 @@ GEM
       diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
       rspec-support (~> 3.12.0)
     rspec-support (3.12.1)
+    rubocop (1.57.1)
+      base64 (~> 0.1.1)
+      json (~> 2.3)
+      language_server-protocol (>= 3.17.0)
+      parallel (~> 1.10)
+      parser (>= 3.2.2.4)
+      rainbow (>= 2.2.2, < 4.0)
+      regexp_parser (>= 1.8, < 3.0)
+      rexml (>= 3.2.5, < 4.0)
+      rubocop-ast (>= 1.28.1, < 2.0)
+      ruby-progressbar (~> 1.7)
+      unicode-display_width (>= 2.4.0, < 3.0)
+    rubocop-ast (1.29.0)
+      parser (>= 3.2.1.0)
+    ruby-progressbar (1.13.0)
+    ruby_audit (2.2.0)
+      bundler-audit (~> 0.9.0)
     rubyzip (2.3.2)
+    samovar (2.2.0)
+      console (~> 1.0)
+      mapping (~> 1.0)
     selenium-webdriver (4.13.1)
       rexml (~> 3.2, >= 3.2.5)
       rubyzip (>= 1.2.2, < 3.0)
@@ -94,7 +183,11 @@ GEM
       mini_portile2 (~> 2.8.0)
     sys-uname (1.2.3)
       ffi (~> 1.1)
+    thor (1.3.0)
     tilt (2.3.0)
+    timers (4.3.5)
+    traces (0.11.1)
+    unicode-display_width (2.5.0)
     webrick (1.8.1)
     websocket (1.2.10)
     xpath (3.2.0)
@@ -104,13 +197,16 @@ PLATFORMS
   x86_64-freebsd-13
 
 DEPENDENCIES
+  bundle-audit (~> 0.1.0)
   capybara (~> 3.39)
   cucumber (~> 9.0)
   erubi (~> 1.12)
-  puma (~> 6.4)
+  falcon (~> 0.42.3)
   rackup (~> 2.1)
   roda (~> 3.72)
   rspec (~> 3.12)
+  rubocop
+  ruby_audit (~> 2.2)
   selenium-webdriver (~> 4.13)
   sequel (~> 5.72)
   simplecov

Jenkinsfile

@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
+def buildArtifact = true
+
 pipeline {
-  agent any
+  agent { label 'ruby && freebsd' }
   
   environment {
-    APP_SESSION_SECRET = ''
     DB_NAME = 'url_shortener.db'
   }
   stages {
     stage('Init') {
       steps {
-        sh 'rbenv local 3.2.2'
+        sh ''' #!/usr/local/bin/bash
-        script {
+          rbenv local 3.2.2
-	  env.APP_SESSION_SECRET = sh(script: 'ruby secret.rb', returnStdout: true)
+          echo "# frozen_string_literal: true\n" > .env.rb
-        }
+          echo "ENV['APP_SESSION_SECRET'] ||= '$(ruby -rsecurerandom -e 'puts SecureRandom.base64(64)')'" >> .env.rb
-        sh 'echo "ENV[\\\"APP_SESSION_SECRET\\\"] ||= $(ruby secret.rb)" > .env.rb'
+          echo "ENV['DB_NAME'] ||= '${DB_NAME}'" >> .env.rb
-        sh 'echo "ENV[\\\"DB_NAME\\\"] ||= \\\"${DB_NAME}\\\"" >> .env.rb'
+          cat .env.rb
-        sh 'cat .env.rb'
+        '''
       }
     }
     stage('Build dependencies') {
@@ -23,27 +24,131 @@ pipeline {
         sh 'sequel -m db/migrations sqlite://db/${DB_NAME}'
       }
     }
+    stage('Audit Dependencies') {
+      steps {
+        catchError(buildResult: 'FAILURE', stageResult: 'FAILURE') {
+          script {
+            try {
+              sh 'bundle exec ruby-audit check'
+              sh 'bundle exec bundle-audit check >> audit.html'
+            } catch (e) {
+              script {
+                buildArtifact = false
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    stage('Code Linting') {
+      steps {
+        catchError(buildResult: 'UNSTABLE', stageResult: 'FAILURE') {
+          script {
+            try {
+              sh 'bundle exec rubocop --format html --out rubocop.html'
+            } catch (e) {
+              script {
+                buildArtifact = false
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
     stage('Run tests') {
       steps {
         catchError(buildResult: 'UNSTABLE', stageResult: 'FAILURE') {
-	  sh 'cucumber features --format html --out cucumber.html'
+          script {
+            try {
+	      sh 'bundle exec cucumber features --format html --out cucumber.html'
+            } catch (e) {
+              script {
+                buildArtifact = false
+              }
+            }
+          }
         }
         catchError(buildResult: 'UNSTABLE', stageResult: 'FAILURE') {
-          sh 'rspec spec --format html --out spec.html'
+          script {
+            try {
+              sh 'bundle exec rspec spec --format html --out spec.html'
+            } catch (e) {
+              script {
+                buildArtifact = false
+              }
+            }
+          }
         }
       }
     }
     stage('Report results') {
       steps {
-        archive(includes: 'pkg/*.gem')
         publishHTML (target: [
           allowMissing: false,
           alwaysLinkToLastBuild: false,
           keepAll: true,
           reportDir: '.',
-          reportFiles: 'cucumber.html, spec.html, coverage/index.html',
+          reportFiles: 'rubocop.html, audit.html, cucumber.html, spec.html, coverage/index.html',
           reportName: 'Test Results',
-          reportTitles: 'Cucumber Results, RSpec Results, Test Coverage'])
+          reportTitles: 'Rubocop Results, Bundler Audit Results, Cucumber Results, RSpec Results, Test Coverage'])
+      }
+    }
+    stage('Build production deliverable') {
+      when {
+        expression {
+          buildArtifact
+        }
+      }
+      steps {
+        catchError(buildResult: 'FAILURE', stageResult: 'FAILURE') {
+          sh ''' #!/usr/local/bin/bash
+            ZIP_FILE="url-shortener_${BRANCH_NAME}_$(cat VERSION | cut -d"'" -f2).tgz"
+            CUR_DIR=$(pwd)
+            bundle config set --local without 'test'
+            bundle config set --local path "vendor"
+            bundle install
+            mkdir -p /tmp/url-shortener
+            cp -R * /tmp/url-shortener
+            cp .env.rb /tmp/url-shortener/
+            cp .ruby-version /tmp/url-shortener/
+            cd /tmp/url-shortener
+            rm -rf features spec coverage db/*.db .git* Jenkinsfile *.html .rubocop.yml
+            cd /tmp
+            tar -czvf $ZIP_FILE url-shortener/
+            mv /tmp/$ZIP_FILE $CUR_DIR/
+            '''
+        }
+        archiveArtifacts artifacts: '*.tgz'
+      }
+    }
+    stage('Generate SHA256 Hash and Upload to Artifact Repository') {
+      environment {
+        ARTIFACTS_KEY = credentials('artifactor-key')
+      }
+      steps {
+        sshagent(['artifactor-key']) {
+          sh ''' #!/usr/local/bin/bash
+            UUID=$(uuidgen -r)
+            VERSION=$(cat VERSION | cut -d"'" -f2)
+            BRANCH=${BRANCH_NAME}
+            ZIP_FILE="url-shortener_${BRANCH_NAME}_$(cat VERSION | cut -d"'" -f2).tgz"
+            sha256 $ZIP_FILE >> SHA256.sig
+            ssh artifactor@artifacts mkdir -p projects/url-shortener/$BRANCH/$VERSION/$UUID
+            rsync SHA256.sig artifactor@artifacts:projects/url-shortener/$BRANCH/$VERSION/$UUID/
+            rsync $ZIP_FILE artifactor@artifacts:projects/url-shortener/$BRANCH/$VERSION/$UUID/
+            '''
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    stage('Clean up deliverable') {
+      when {
+        expression {
+          buildArtifact
+        }
+      }
+      steps {
+        sh 'rm -rf /tmp/url-shortener'
+        sh 'rm SHA256.sig'
       }
     }
   }
@@ -57,5 +162,8 @@ pipeline {
     failure {
       mattermostSend channel: 'git-messages', color: 'danger', message: "[${JOB_NAME}](${JOB_URL}) [#${BUILD_NUMBER}](${BUILD_URL}) ([Gitea](${GIT_URL}))", text: "Build Failed"
     }
+    always {
+      cleanWs deleteDirs: true, patterns: [[pattern: '*', type: 'INCLUDE']]
+    }
   }
 }

README.md

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # simple url shortener
 
 this project is a simple solution to build out a URL shortener using
-Roda, Falcon, Sequel, and SQLite
+Roda, Puma, Sequel, and SQLite on a FreeBSD Jail
 
 the point of this project is to quickly build something and work on continuous deployment while making small refinements to the functional pieces.
 
-the outside pieces of software that this project relies on are sqlite3 and pkgconf. 
+the outside pieces of software that this project relies on are rbenv, ruby-build, sqlite3, and pkgconf. 
 
 
 
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ first you have to install the dependencies:
 `bundle install`
 
 
-if you want the development group included run this first:
+if you want to skip the test dependencies:
 
-`bundle config set --local with 'development'`
+`bundle config set --local without 'test'`
 
 
 then create a .env.rb file in the root directory that contains the following ENV attributes:
@@ -24,15 +24,19 @@ then create a .env.rb file in the root directory that contains the following ENV
 ```
 ENV["APP_SESSION_SECRET"] = {output of a random 64 byte secret}
 
-ENV["DB_NAME"] = {db file name}
+ENV["DB_NAME"] = {DB_NAME}
 ```
 
 
-after the dependencies are installed, you have to create the db
+after the dependencies are installed, you have to create the db and schema
 
 `sequel -m db/migrations sqlite://db/{DB_NAME}`
 
 
-to start the application with Falcon:
+to start the application with Puma:
 
-`rackup -o {ip address} -p {port} -s falcon`
+`rackup -o {ip address} -p {port}`
+
+to run it as a daemon:
+
+`rackup -o {ip address} -p {port} -D`

VERSION

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+VERSION = '1.0.1'

app.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'roda'
 require 'securerandom'
 require 'json'
 require 'sequel'
 require 'open-uri'
 
+# URL Shortener App class
 class App < Roda
   plugin :sessions, secret: ENV.delete('APP_SESSION_SECRET')
   plugin :render, escape: true
@@ -11,92 +14,92 @@ class App < Roda
   plugin :json_parser
   plugin :request_headers
 
-  DB = Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV['DB_NAME']}")
+  DB = Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV.fetch('DB_NAME', nil)}")
   links = DB[:links]
 
   route do |r|
     r.root do
-      @message = flash['message'] || "Enter a URL"
+      @message = flash['message'] || 'Enter a URL'
       view :home
     end
 
-    r.get String do | url_code |
+    r.get String do |url_code|
-      link = links.filter(:code => url_code)
+      link = links.filter(code: url_code)
       r.redirect link.first[:url] unless link.first.nil?
       @message = "Link #{url_code} doesn't exist"
       response.status = 404
       view :home
     end
 
-    r.post "create" do
+    r.post 'create' do
       url = r.params['url']
-      if url.nil? or url.empty? 
+      if url.nil? || url.empty?
-        flash['message'] = "Please enter a valid URL";
+        flash['message'] = 'Please enter a valid URL'
         r.redirect '/'
       end
 
       begin
         OpenURI.open_uri(url)
       rescue URI::BadURIError
-        flash['message'] = "Invalid URL"
+        flash['message'] = 'Invalid URL'
         r.redirect '/'
       rescue OpenURI::HTTPError
-        flash['message'] = "URL not found"
+        flash['message'] = 'URL not found'
         r.redirect '/'
-      rescue SocketError => e
+      rescue SocketError
-        flash['message'] = "URL does not resolve"
+        flash['message'] = 'URL does not resolve'
         r.redirect '/'
       end
 
-      if links.filter(:url => url).first.nil?
+      if links.filter(url:).first.nil?
         code = SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64 4
-        links.insert(url: url, code: code) 
+        links.insert(url:, code:)
-        @message = "Link created"
+        @message = 'Link created'
       end
-      code = links.filter(:url => url).first[:code]
+      code = links.filter(url:).first[:code]
-      @message ||= "Link exists"
+      @message ||= 'Link exists'
-      @new_link = 'http://' + request.env['HTTP_HOST'] + '/' + code
+      @new_link = "http://#{request.env['HTTP_HOST']}/#{code}"
-      view :create   
+      view :create
     end
-    r.on "links" do
+    r.on 'links' do
       r.post do
-        if 'application/json' != r.headers['CONTENT_TYPE']
+        if r.headers['CONTENT_TYPE'] != 'application/json'
           response.status = 400
-          return {message: "not a valid json request"}.to_json
+          return { message: 'not a valid json request' }.to_json
         end
 
         url = r.params['url']
         if url.nil?
           response.status = 400
-          return {message: "missing url parameter"}.to_json
+          return { message: 'missing url parameter' }.to_json
         end
 
-        if url.empty? 
+        if url.empty?
           response.status = 400
-          return {message: "invalid url parameter"}.to_json
+          return { message: 'invalid url parameter' }.to_json
         end
 
         begin
           OpenURI.open_uri(url)
         rescue URI::BadURIError
           response.status = 400
-          return {message: "invalid url parameter"}.to_json
+          return { message: 'invalid url parameter' }.to_json
         rescue OpenURI::HTTPError
           response.status = 400
-          return {message: "url not found"}.to_json
+          return { message: 'url not found' }.to_json
-        rescue SocketError => e
+        rescue SocketError
           response.status = 400
-          return {message: "url does not resolve"}.to_json
+          return { message: 'url does not resolve' }.to_json
         end
 
-        if links.filter(:url => url).first.nil?
+        if links.filter(url:).first.nil?
           code = SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64 4
-          links.insert(url: url, code: code) 
+          links.insert(url:, code:)
         end
 
-        code = links.filter(:url => url).first[:code]
+        code = links.filter(url:).first[:code]
-        @new_link = 'http://' + request.env['HTTP_HOST'] + '/' + code
+        @new_link = "http://#{request.env['HTTP_HOST']}/#{code}"
-        return {url: url, code: code, link: @new_link}.to_json
+        return { url:, code:, link: @new_link }.to_json
       end
     end
   end

config.ru

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require './.env'
 require './app'
 

db/migrations/001_create_links_table.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 Sequel.migration do
   change do
     create_table :links do

features/step_definitions/steps.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 # BEFORE
 Before('@db-test') do
-  @links = Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV['DB_NAME']}")[:links]
+  @links = Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV.fetch('DB_NAME', nil)}")[:links]
 end
 
-
 # GIVEN
 
 Given('I visit the {string} page') do |string|
@@ -11,18 +12,17 @@ Given('I visit the {string} page') do |string|
 end
 
 Given('A link already exists with the url {string}') do |string|
-  @links.insert(url: string, code: "aaaaaa")
+  @links.insert(url: string, code: 'aaaaaa')
 end
 
 Given('A link already exists with the url {string} and code {string}') do |url, code|
-  @links.insert(url: url, code: code)
+  @links.insert(url:, code:)
 end
 
-
 # WHEN
 
 When('I click the {string} button') do |string|
-  click_button {string}
+  click_button { string }
 end
 
 When('I type {string} in the {string} field') do |text, field|
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ When('I visit the {string} location') do |string|
   visit string
 end
 
-
 # THEN
 
 Then('I should see text {string}') do |string|
@@ -66,7 +65,6 @@ Then('The status code should be {int}') do |code|
   page.status_code.should eq(code)
 end
 
-
 # AFTER
 
 After('@db-test') do

features/support/env.rb

@@ -1,25 +1,27 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'simplecov'
 SimpleCov.start
 
 require_relative '../../.env'
-ENV["DB_NAME"] = "test_#{ENV["DB_NAME"]}"
+ENV['DB_NAME'] = "test_#{ENV.fetch('DB_NAME', nil)}"
 require_relative '../../app'
 require 'rubygems'
 require 'roda'
 require 'sequel'
 require 'capybara'
 require 'capybara/dsl'
+require 'capybara/cucumber'
 require 'rspec'
+###
+require 'rspec/expectations'
+require 'rspec/matchers'
 
 # DB initialization
 Sequel.extension :migration
-Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV['DB_NAME']}") do |db|
+Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV.fetch('DB_NAME', nil)}") do |db|
-  Sequel::Migrator.apply(db, "db/migrations")
+  Sequel::Migrator.apply(db, 'db/migrations')
 end
 
 # attach app to Capybara
 Capybara.app = App
-
-include Capybara::DSL
-include RSpec::Expectations
-include RSpec::Matchers

secret.rb

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-require 'securerandom'
-puts SecureRandom.base64(64).inspect()

spec/create_spec.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'simplecov'
 SimpleCov.start
 
 require_relative '../.env'
-ENV["DB_NAME"] = "test_#{ENV["DB_NAME"]}"
+ENV['DB_NAME'] = "test_#{ENV.fetch('DB_NAME', nil)}"
 require_relative '../app'
 require 'rubygems'
 require 'roda'
@@ -12,48 +14,47 @@ require 'rack/test'
 
 # DB initialization
 Sequel.extension :migration
-Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV['DB_NAME']}") do |db|
+Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV.fetch('DB_NAME', nil)}") do |db|
-  Sequel::Migrator.apply(db, "db/migrations")
+  Sequel::Migrator.apply(db, 'db/migrations')
 end
 
 def app
   App
 end
 
-describe "Submit API request to create new link" do
+describe 'Submit API request to create new link' do
   include Rack::Test::Methods
   before :each do
-    @links = Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV['DB_NAME']}")[:links]
+    @links = Sequel.sqlite("db/#{ENV.fetch('DB_NAME', nil)}")[:links]
   end
   after :each do
     @links.delete
   end
-  it "should return link data in json format when a valid url is submitted" do
+  it 'should return link data in json format when a valid url is submitted' do
     data = {
       url: 'http://google.com'
     }
-    post('/links', data.to_json, "CONTENT_TYPE" => "application/json")
+    post('/links', data.to_json, 'CONTENT_TYPE' => 'application/json')
     expect(last_response).to be_ok
     response_json = JSON.parse(last_response.body)
     expect(response_json['url']).to eq(data[:url])
     expect(response_json['code']).not_to eq(nil)
     expect(response_json['link']).to include(response_json['code'])
   end
-  
+
   it "should return with a 400 status and 'invalid url parameter' message when an empty url is submitted" do
     data = {
       url: ''
     }
-    post('/links', data.to_json, "CONTENT_TYPE" => "application/json")
+    post('/links', data.to_json, 'CONTENT_TYPE' => 'application/json')
     expect(last_response.status).to eq(400)
     response_json = JSON.parse(last_response.body)
     expect(response_json['message']).to eq('invalid url parameter')
   end
 
   it "should return with a 400 status and 'missing url parameter' message when an empty url is submitted" do
-    data = {
+    data = {}
-    }
+    post('/links', data.to_json, 'CONTENT_TYPE' => 'application/json')
-    post('/links', data.to_json, "CONTENT_TYPE" => "application/json")
     expect(last_response.status).to eq(400)
     response_json = JSON.parse(last_response.body)
     expect(response_json['message']).to eq('missing url parameter')
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ describe "Submit API request to create new link" do
     data = {
       url: 'not-an-url'
     }
-    post('/links', data.to_json, "CONTENT_TYPE" => "application/json")
+    post('/links', data.to_json, 'CONTENT_TYPE' => 'application/json')
     expect(last_response.status).to eq(400)
     response_json = JSON.parse(last_response.body)
     expect(response_json['message']).to eq('invalid url parameter')
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ describe "Submit API request to create new link" do
     data = {
       url: 'http://google.com/example'
     }
-    post('/links', data.to_json, "CONTENT_TYPE" => "application/json")
+    post('/links', data.to_json, 'CONTENT_TYPE' => 'application/json')
     expect(last_response.status).to eq(400)
     response_json = JSON.parse(last_response.body)
     expect(response_json['message']).to eq('url not found')
@@ -83,13 +84,14 @@ describe "Submit API request to create new link" do
     data = {
       url: 'http://bad.tld'
     }
-    post('/links', data.to_json, "CONTENT_TYPE" => "application/json")
+    post('/links', data.to_json, 'CONTENT_TYPE' => 'application/json')
     expect(last_response.status).to eq(400)
     response_json = JSON.parse(last_response.body)
     expect(response_json['message']).to eq('url does not resolve')
   end
 
-  it "should return with a 400 status and 'not a valid json request' message when a request is made with the wrong content type header" do
+  it "should return with a 400 status and 'not a valid json request'
+      message when a request is made with the wrong content type header" do
     data = {
       url: 'http://google.com'
     }